Yes it can! Some older cars with central locking would do this if a jolt was large enough to trigger movement in a lock solenoid like a slammed door or a pothole jolt. More modern cars have 'Protections” built in to stop this but they can still fault and lock the doors.

What Does An Auto Locksmith do? While residential locksmiths make keys and unlock doors in a home, and commercial locksmiths do the same for offices and industrial buildings, auto locksmiths specialize primarily in unlocking vehicles and replacing car keys.